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Acid Etch:
A diluted acid, such as muriatic (hydrochloric) or
phosphoric acid is poured on the floor to remove the
cement laitance or to remove the top surface to create
a rough profile.
Anti-Slip Coating:
A floor coating with aggregate (sand) embedded in it
such that the aggregate is partially exposed to
provide a rough profile finish.
Blast Pattern:
The pattern created by the passing of a blast machine
over a floor.
Brush Blast:
The lightest uniformly blasted floor pattern that is
acceptable for any coating application.
Chemical Preparation:
Preparation by stripping, cleaning or etching with a
liquid chemical in a concentrated or diluted form.
Commonly used chemicals include acids (muriatic,
phosphoric), alkaline (soap or detergent), solvents
(xylene, acetone) or paint strippers.
Control Joint or Saw Cut:
The cut made into a concrete slab within 24 hours of
pouring the slab, in order to allow for shrinkage.
This cut is usually not a moving joint, and can be
filled and covered once the slab is cured and
stabilized (usually a year or two after placement).
Cove Base or Wall Base:
An overlay application continuing from the floor up
the wall at a constant height, with a concave radius
at the floor–to-wall joint. Height is usually between
3 and 8 inches. The wall base is usually tied into a
zinc or plastic cap.
Cove:
A concave rounded finishing of the floor-to-wall
joint.
Cratering or Pitting:
This can occur on the surface of a coating when air
escapes from the surface, creates a foam bubble, and
cures. When the cured bubble is broken, a crater type
effect with a sharp rim remains.
Curtaining:
A tarp or curtain temporarily hung to protect
equipment, product, or rooms from dust created during
floor preparation.
Dry Grinding:
When a grinder is used without water. Usually the
grinder has a dust collection unit to control the
spread of dust.
Exposed Aggregate:
This occurs when a concrete floor becomes worn and
aggregate material becomes visible.
45 degree Cove:
This term applies to coving that is applied flat at a
45 degree angle into the floor-wall corner.
Feather Edge:
When an overlay terminates on a floor surface without
being tied into the surface by an edge key.
Fish Eyes:
A type of surface separation of a floor coating. These
occur when the liquid application pulls away from a
speck of dirt or when applying over an oily or
contaminated surface. The resulting appearance
resembles fish eyes, fish scales, snake skin, etc.
Flooding:
An application technique that involves pouring a
coating to a thickness that allows it to flow to a
smooth, level finish.
Floor Machine/Floor Maintainer:
A machine with one rotary head with a 15” to 18”
diameter sanding disc or plate attached. Primarily
used for sanding or screening an existing coating or
concrete surface.
Floor Sander:
Drum type belt sander used for sanding wood floors.
Grinding:
A set of stones or a diamond content disc rotates
against the surface of a floor to remove or level the
top layers of the surface.
Grout:
A fine epoxy-filler mix used to fill holes and cracks
in the floor before a coating is applied.
Hiding Ability:
The ability of a pigmented coating to provide a
uniform colour density over a dark or discoloured
surface.
High Build Coating:
Coatings that are applied at a thickness of 20-100
mil, or coatings that have a solids content of at
least 90%.
Keying Edges:
Using techniques such as chipping, saw-cutting,
scarifying, beveling or a combination of to tie the
edges of an overlay into the surface of a floor. This
provides a sound transition to the overlay.
Mechanical Preparation:
Any preparation requiring impacting or abrading a
surface to physically remove part of the surface.
¼ inch or 6mm:
A common thickness of overlay.
1/8 per foot:
Refers to the drainage slope of a floor surface, and
indicates a 1/8th inch per foot change in
the height of the floor surface. This is the accepted
minimum for floor drainage in the food industry. ¼
inch per foot is the accepted slope for automatic
flow.
Orange Peel Effect:
A coating surface texture that resembles the surface
of an orange.
Overlay:
The sand-filled resin mix that is trowel applied to
the surface of a floor to a thickness of 1/8th
to 5/8th of an inch. Also referred to as
topping, trowel-down, matrix, or surfacer.
Patch:
The replacement of a broken overlay or coating,
usually less than 50 sq. ft. in area.
Pigment Separation:
This can occur in coloured coatings consisting of two
or more pigments, where one pigment rises to the
surface and other pigments remain suspended.
Pinholes:
A tiny hole created when air escapes from the surface
of a coating and the coating does not flow back into
the void area.
Ramp:
The sloped transition from one floor height to another
or between adjoining floor slabs.
Re-slope:
To change the entire surface of an existing floor to
introduce or remove a slope, often for drainage
purposes.
Rough Blast:
The coarsest profile produced by a blast machine, for
heavy surface removal.
Rub Up:
The closing of pores (honey comb) on a vertical
cast-in-place (formed) concrete surface. This is
usually accomplished by rubbing a fine slurry-type mix
over the concrete surface.
Sagging:
The result of applying a coating too heavily to a
vertical surface (wall or wall base) which causes the
coating to run down the surface.
Scarify:
Mechanical impaction (chipping) of a concrete surface
by rotary application of steel cutters.
Screed Box:
A steel box with an open top and height-adjustable
bottom opening that allows an overlay mix to be
applied at a uniform thickness.
Screen:
To sand a coating or sealer using a floor machine with
a grit screen attachment.
Seed:
To broadcast dry sand or grit over an uncured (wet)
floor coating to provide an anti-slip finish.
Shadowing:
A dark or discoloured area that is visible through a
pigmented coating.
Shot Blast:
Mechanical preparation by impacting steel shot onto a
floor surface at a high speed.
Solvent Wash:
Removes surface oil from a concrete surface to
establish a superior bond between surface and coating.
Underlay:
Grout mix with a high ratio of filler, used to fill in
large holes, re-slope, create ramps, etc., before the
application of an overlay or floor coating.
Wet Grinding:
Grinding with water flowing onto the point of
grinding, or grinding with the floor surface flooded. |
